{"id":3508,"date":"2018-02-08T09:12:23","date_gmt":"2018-02-08T08:12:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/?page_id=3508"},"modified":"2025-01-13T17:14:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T16:14:18","slug":"czemu-europa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Europe?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">jacek9520@gmail.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jacek Kwa\u015bniewski: In Memory of Jacenty Siewierski<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Why Europe<\/em> is a section authored by the late Jacenty Siewierski, whose work I was delighted to host on my website. Jacenty was my close friend, an outstanding scholar, a remarkable individual, and an erudite thinker. He authored excellent works on the history, origins, and mechanisms of various civilizations. Our collaboration began in 2017, and it is with profound sorrow that I share the news of his passing on September 24, 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This homage honors Jacenty Siewierski and his extraordinary contributions to the field of civilization studies<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3644\" src=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Jacenty-Siewierski-i-Jacek-Kwasniewski.jpg\" alt=\"Jacenty Siewierski i Jacek Kwasniewski\" width=\"672\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Jacenty-Siewierski-i-Jacek-Kwasniewski.jpg 672w, https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Jacenty-Siewierski-i-Jacek-Kwasniewski-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0Jacenty Siewierski (to the left) and Jacek Kwa\u015bniewski<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jacenty Siewierski: My Interests and Plans<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Greetings to all readers interested in the cultural determinants of civilization development and visitors to Jacek Kwa\u015bniewski&#8217;s website, where I am honored to contribute.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Here, I present my research on the influence of Christianity on the expansion of Western civilization. This topic, alongside the uniqueness, vitality, and expansion of Western culture\u2014and its current decline\u2014has been my primary focus. Naturally, this led me to study Confucian culture and civilization, often compared to the West. I have published several works on this topic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Beyond civilizations, my interests span history, anthropology, philosophy, and sociology, particularly issues of collective identity, community, tradition, multiculturalism, and cultural patterns of social life. I planned to continue exploring these areas in collaboration with this platform.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jacek Kwa\u015bniewski: Highly Recommended<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">I wholeheartedly recommend Jacenty Siewierski\u2019s work, one of the finest analyses of Christianity&#8217;s role in the emergence of the European phenomenon. His panoramic approach highlights Christianity and the Church as the foundations of Europe, fostering individualism, modern legal systems, municipal autonomy, and institutionalized intellectual activity. Without resorting to apologetics, Siewierski\u2019s work also examines the erosion of Christianity\u2019s civilizational role. The conclusion, written a decade ago, offers a sobering perspective on the West&#8217;s future, which we are now witnessing.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Spis tre\u015bci  \/  Contents<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Jacenty_Siewierski_book_%E2%80%9CChristianty_and_the_Expansion_of_Western_Civilization%E2%80%9D_in_Polish\" >Jacenty Siewierski, book &#8220;Christianty and the Expansion of Western Civilization&#8221;\u00a0 (in Polish)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Jacenty_Siewierski_Other_texts_in_Polish\" >Jacenty Siewierski, Other texts\u00a0 (in Polish)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Historic_race_of_civilization_Why_did_the_West_win_The_role_of_Christianity\" >Historic race of civilization. Why did the West win? The role of Christianity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Christian_legitimization_of_the_development_of_science_and_technology_in_the_Middle_Ages\" >Christian legitimization of the development of science and technology in the Middle Ages<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Culture_and_economic_development_Comparative_analysis_of_the_West_and_East_Asia\" >Culture and economic development. Comparative analysis of the West and East Asia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Autonomy_and_individual_and_community_Comparative_analysis_of_economic_development_in_the_West_and_in_East_Asia\" >Autonomy and individual and community. Comparative analysis of economic development in the West and in East Asia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/czemu-europa\/#Jacenty_Siewierski_Biographical_note\" >Jacenty Siewierski, Biographical note<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jacenty_Siewierski_book_%E2%80%9CChristianty_and_the_Expansion_of_Western_Civilization%E2%80%9D_in_Polish\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Jacenty Siewierski, book &#8220;Christianty and the Expansion of Western Civilization&#8221;\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #999999;\">(in Polish)<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Siewierski_Jacenty_-Chrzescijanstwo_a_ekspansja_cywilizacji_zachodniej.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Entire book pdf version<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/00_Siewierski_streszczenie.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis pdf <\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\"><strong>Synopsis on-line<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Introductory Remarks<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Ze_wstepu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/00_Siewierski_rozwazania_wstepne.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Introductory Remarks pdf<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Culture and Civilization. Definitions of key terms<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Religion and Culture<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">History of Europe: Split Into Periods<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Content of the Study<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>1. Christianity As the Foundation<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_I_Chrzescijanstwo_jako_fundament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/01_Siewierski_chrzescijanstwo_fundament.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Chapter 1\u00a0\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">From Romanitas to Christianitas<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">The Birth of Christian state<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Institutionalization of Christianity and position of Rome<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Christian moral and political Universe<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Cultural unity of Christian Europe<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Gradual erosion of Christianity<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Conclusion<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>2. Individualism in the European Culture<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_II_Indywidualizm_w_europejskiej_kulturze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/02_Siewierski_indywidualizm.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chapter 2\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Culture in the post-Christian era<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><br \/>\nIndividual and Community<br \/>\nChristian sources of individualism<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Change of cultural purpose<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Individualism as a threat to the foundations of culture<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Gradual erosion of individualism<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>3. The formation of an autonomous urban community<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_III_Formowanie_sie_autonomicznej_spolecznosci_miejskiej\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/03_Siewierski_autonomia_miasta.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong> Chapter 3\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Cultural and civilization universals<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Differentiation of civilization designs \/ patterns<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Christian inspirations of the autonomous urban community<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">The town&#8217;s road to autonomy in medieval Europe<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Base of town autonomy<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Influence of the medieval urban community on dynamics and economic changes. From the urban community to capitalism<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Conclusion. The special role of the town in historical development<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>4. Birth of the legal order (Ordo Iuris)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_IV_Narodziny_porzadku_prawnego\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/04_Siewierski_narodziny_prawa.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Chapter 4\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Law in Confucian culture<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Forming of Western legal tradition<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Reform of Church in 11th century<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>5. Prelude to the scientific revolution<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_V_Preludium_rewolucji_naukowej\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/05_Siewierski_preludium_nauki.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Chapter 5\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">God and nature&#8217;s order<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Scientific knowledge in ancient and medieval times<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">The benefits of scholasticism<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Authority and knowledge development<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/jacenty-siewierski-chrzescijanstwo-a-ekspansja-cywilizacji-zachodniej-streszczenie\/#Streszczenie_rozdzialu_VI_Zakonczenie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synopsis on-line<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/06_Siewierski_zakonczenie.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Conclusion\u00a0 pdf\u00a0 (open \/ download)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>Bibliography, Index\u00a0<\/strong><\/span> \u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/06_Siewierski_bibliografia-indeks.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>pdf<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jacenty_Siewierski_Other_texts_in_Polish\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Jacenty Siewierski, Other texts\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #999999;\">(in Polish)<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historic_race_of_civilization_Why_did_the_West_win_The_role_of_Christianity\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #215e94;\"><a style=\"color: #215e94;\" href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Siewierski-Zach%C3%B3d.pdf\">Historic race of civilization. Why did the West win? The role of Christianity<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2018, Historyczny wy\u015bcig cywilizacji. Dlaczego Zach\u00f3d zwyci\u0119\u017cy\u0142? Rola chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwa, 19 pages<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Christian_legitimization_of_the_development_of_science_and_technology_in_the_Middle_Ages\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Technika-nauka.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #215e94;\">Christian legitimization of the development of science and technology in the Middle Ages<\/span><\/span><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2019, Chrze\u015bcija\u0144skie uzasadnienie rozwoju nauki i technologii w \u015aredniowieczu, 8 pages<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Culture_and_economic_development_Comparative_analysis_of_the_West_and_East_Asia\"><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/KULTURA-A-ROZWoJ.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #215e94;\">Culture and economic development. Comparative analysis of the West and East Asia<\/span><\/span><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2010, Kultura a rozw\u00f3j gospodarczy. Analiza por\u00f3wnawcza Zachodu i Azji wschodniej, 81 pages<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Autonomy_and_individual_and_community_Comparative_analysis_of_economic_development_in_the_West_and_in_East_Asia\"><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/media\/Wspolnota-a-rozwoj.pdf\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #215e94;\">Autonomy and individual and community. Comparative analysis of economic development in the West and in East Asia<\/span><\/span><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2011, Autonomia jednostki a wsp\u00f3lnota. Analiza por\u00f3wnawcza rozwoju gospodarczego na Zachodzie i w Azji wschodniej, 95 pages<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jacenty_Siewierski_Biographical_note\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Jacenty Siewierski, Biographical note<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sociologist. Lecturer at the Warsaw School of Economics, Academy of Humanities, College of International Cooperation. PhD in sociology.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Carrier<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1971 master&#8217;s degree. Master&#8217;s thesis: &#8220;Historiosophy De Civitate Dei at St. Augustine&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1971 work in the PWN (Polish main scientific publisher)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1972 work at SGPiS (now SGH &#8211; Warsaw School of Economics)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1980 doctor&#8217;s degree at the Warsaw University. PhD thesis: &#8220;The idea of \u200b\u200bsocialism in the works of Kautski and Bauer and disputes about how to implement the ideas of socialism&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Internships at the universities of Leipzig, Mannheim and Duisburg<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Currently a senior lecturer at SGH<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">From 1972 employee of the Department of Sociology at SGH. In the years 2002\u20132010 the chairman of the Solidarity Trade Union at the Warsaw School of Economics (SGH) and was a member of the university senate with an advisory vote<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Scientific and research interests:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">the 1970s &#8211; idea of socialism German and Austrian thought<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1980s &#8211; transformations in local communities<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1990s &#8211; transformation of the economy and society in free market environment<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Since 2004: cultural determinants of economic and social development<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Selected publications\u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"color: #999999;\"> (in Polish)<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Socjologia gospodarki [Sociology of the economy] (with L. Gilejko, J. Gardawski i R. Towalski), Difin Publishers, Warszawa 2006; 2. ed. 2007<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwo jako fundament kultury europejskiej, [Christianity As the foundation of the European Culture], in: Studia i Prace KES, zeszyt naukowy 13, Warszawa 2007, OW SGH <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwo a ekspansja cywilizacji zachodniej (Christianity and the expansion of Western civilization], SGH Publishers, Warszawa 2009<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Idea wielokulturowo\u015bci. Tradycja Rzeczypospolitej a do\u015bwiadczenia obecne [The Idea of Multiculturalism &#8211; Polish Historical Tradition and Current Experience], SGH Publishers, Warszawa 2010<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwo i konfucjanizm jako kulturowe stymulatory rozwoju gospodarczego. Zach\u00f3d i Azja Wschodnia [Christianity and Confucianism as cultural stimulators of economic development. West and East Asia], (in print, SGH Publishers)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Azjatycki model rozwoju na przyk\u0142adzie Chin i Japonii [Asian development model: example of China and Japan], in: K. G\u00f3rak-Sosnowska, J. J\u00f3rewicz (editors), Kulturowe uwarunkowania rozwoju w Azji i Afryce, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a 2010, Ibidem Publishers.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Classes: lectures on sociology, sociology of economy and sociology of labour, social anthropology and European civilization<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hobbies: chess, bridge, ancient history, Eastern culture <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>jacek9520@gmail.com Jacek Kwa\u015bniewski: In Memory of Jacenty Siewierski Why Europe is a section authored by the late Jacenty Siewierski, whose work I was delighted to host on my website. Jacenty was my close friend, an outstanding scholar, a remarkable individual, and an erudite thinker. He authored excellent works on the history, origins, and mechanisms of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3508","page","type-page","status-publish","czr-hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["pl","en"],"languages":{"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3508"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9847,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3508\/revisions\/9847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jacek.kwasniewski.org.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}